Synonyms
Interferon gamma;IFN-gamma;
Equine IFN-γ
Description
IFN gamma, also known as IFNG, is a secreted protein that belongs to the type II interferon family. IFN gamma is produced predominantly by natural killer and natural killer T cells as part of the innate immune response, and by CD4 and CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte effector T cells once antigen-specific immunity develops. IFN gamma has antiviral, immunoregulatory, and anti-tumor properties. IFNG, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions, it is a potent activator of macrophages and has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons. The IFNG monomer consists of a core of six α-helices and an extended unfolded sequence in the C-terminal region. IFN gamma is critical for innate and adaptive immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections and tumor control. Aberrant IFN gamma expression is associated with some autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The importance of IFN gamma in the immune system stems in part from its ability to inhibit viral replication directly, and most importantly from its immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects. IFNG also promotes NK cell activity.
Molecular Weight
Approximately 16.7 kDa.
AA sequence
QAAFFKEIEN LKEYFNASNP DVGDGGPLFL DILKNWKEDS DKKIIQSQIV SFYFKLFENL KDNQVIQKSM DTIKEDLFVK FFNSSTSKLE DFQKLIQIPV NDLKVQRKAI SELIKVMNDL SPKANLRKRK RSQNPFRGRR ALQ
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
> 97 % by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.
Biological Activity
Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by an anti-viral assay using human HeLa cells infected with encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus is less than 10.0 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 1.0 × 105 IU/mg.
Endotoxin
< 0.1 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in 2 × PBS, pH 7.4, with 5 % trehalose.
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1 % BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20 °C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.